Title | Depressive symptoms and the risk of type 2 diabetes: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2004 |
Authors | Golden S H, Williams JE, Ford DE, Yeh H-C, Paton Sanford C, Nieto JF, Brancati FL |
Corporate Authors | Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study |
Journal | Diabetes Care |
Volume | 27 |
Issue | 2 |
Pagination | 429-35 |
Date Published | 2004 Feb |
ISSN | 0149-5992 |
Keywords | Arteriosclerosis, Blood Chemical Analysis, Body Mass Index, Cohort Studies, Depression, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Racial Groups, Risk Factors, United States |
Abstract | OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to determine whether depressive symptoms predict type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We analyzed data on depressive symptoms (including recent fatigue, sleep disturbance, feelings of hopelessness, loss of libido, and increased irritability) in a longitudinal, biracial cohort study of 11,615 initially nondiabetic adults aged 48-67 years, who were subsequently followed for 6 years for the development of type 2 diabetes. RESULTS: At baseline, depressive symptoms were positively associated with BMI, fasting insulin, systolic blood pressure, caloric intake, physical inactivity, and current smoking (all P CONCLUSIONS: In this cohort, depressive symptoms predicted incident type 2 diabetes. This relation is only partially explained by demographic, metabolic, and lifestyle factors. Possible neuroendocrine mediators of the stress-obesity-diabetes relationship require further evaluation in prospective cohort studies that use an established tool to assess depression and incorporate neurohormonal measurements. |
DOI | 10.2337/diacare.27.2.429 |
Alternate Journal | Diabetes Care |
PubMed ID | 14747224 |
Grant List | IK24-DK-6222-O1 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States N01-HC55015 / HC / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States N01-HC55016 / HC / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States N01-HC55018 / HC / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States N01-HC55019 / HC / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States N01-HC55020 / HC / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States N01-HC55021 / HC / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States N01-HC55022 / HC / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States |