Title | Genome-wide association study of retinopathy in individuals without diabetes. |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2013 |
Authors | Jensen RA, Sim X, Li X, Cotch M F, M Ikram K, Holliday EG, Eiriksdottir G, Harris TB, Jonasson F, Klein BEK, Launer LJ, Smith A V, Boerwinkle E, Cheung N, Hewitt AW, Liew G, Mitchell P, Wang J J, Attia J, Scott R, Glazer NL, Lumley T, McKnight B, Psaty BM, Taylor K, Hofman A, de Jong PTVM, Rivadeneira F, Uitterlinden AG, Tay W-T, Teo YYing, Seielstad M, Liu J, Cheng C-Y, Saw S-M, Aung T, Ganesh SK, O'Donnell CJ, Nalls MA, Wiggins KL, Kuo JZ, van Duijn CM, Gudnason V, Klein R, Siscovick DS, Rotter JI, E Tai S, Vingerling J, Wong TY |
Corporate Authors | Blue Mountains Eye Study GWAS Team, CKDGen Consortium |
Journal | PLoS One |
Volume | 8 |
Issue | 2 |
Pagination | e54232 |
Date Published | 2013 |
ISSN | 1932-6203 |
Keywords | Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Histone Deacetylases, Humans, Hypertension, Male, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Repressor Proteins, Retinal Diseases |
Abstract | BACKGROUND: Mild retinopathy (microaneurysms or dot-blot hemorrhages) is observed in persons without diabetes or hypertension and may reflect microvascular disease in other organs. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of mild retinopathy in persons without diabetes. METHODS: A working group agreed on phenotype harmonization, covariate selection and analytic plans for within-cohort GWAS. An inverse-variance weighted fixed effects meta-analysis was performed with GWAS results from six cohorts of 19,411 Caucasians. The primary analysis included individuals without diabetes and secondary analyses were stratified by hypertension status. We also singled out the results from single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously shown to be associated with diabetes and hypertension, the two most common causes of retinopathy. RESULTS: No SNPs reached genome-wide significance in the primary analysis or the secondary analysis of participants with hypertension. SNP, rs12155400, in the histone deacetylase 9 gene (HDAC9) on chromosome 7, was associated with retinopathy in analysis of participants without hypertension, -1.3±0.23 (beta ± standard error), p = 6.6×10(-9). Evidence suggests this was a false positive finding. The minor allele frequency was low (∼2%), the quality of the imputation was moderate (r(2) ∼0.7), and no other common variants in the HDAC9 gene were associated with the outcome. SNPs found to be associated with diabetes and hypertension in other GWAS were not associated with retinopathy in persons without diabetes or in subgroups with or without hypertension. CONCLUSIONS: This GWAS of retinopathy in individuals without diabetes showed little evidence of genetic associations. Further studies are needed to identify genes associated with these signs in order to help unravel novel pathways and determinants of microvascular diseases. |
DOI | 10.1371/journal.pone.0054232 |
Alternate Journal | PLoS One |
PubMed ID | 23393555 |
PubMed Central ID | PMC3564946 |
Grant List | Z01 EY000426-05 / ImNIH / Intramural NIH HHS / United States R01 HL059367 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States ZIA EY000403-10 / ImNIH / Intramural NIH HHS / United States R01HL087641 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States Z01 EY000403-06 / ImNIH / Intramural NIH HHS / United States ZIA EY000426-09 / ImNIH / Intramural NIH HHS / United States HL080295 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201100012C / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States UL1RR025005 / RR / NCRR NIH HHS / United States UL1 RR033176 / RR / NCRR NIH HHS / United States ZIA EY000401-09 / ImNIH / Intramural NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201100009I / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States ZIA EY000401-13 / ImNIH / Intramural NIH HHS / United States UL1RR033176 / RR / NCRR NIH HHS / United States R01 HL075366 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States AG027058 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States AG15928 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States N01AG12100 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States Z99 EY999999 / ImNIH / Intramural NIH HHS / United States N01HC85239 / HC / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States R01HL59367 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201100010C / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States UL1 RR025005 / RR / NCRR NIH HHS / United States HHSN2682011000010C / / PHS HHS / United States R01 AG015928 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201100008C / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States U01 HL080295 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States ZIA EY000401-11 / ImNIH / Intramural NIH HHS / United States ZIA EY000403-13 / ImNIH / Intramural NIH HHS / United States ZIA EY000426-10 / ImNIH / Intramural NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201100005G / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201100008I / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201100007C / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States HL105756 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States N01HC95159 / HC / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States N01 HC015103 / HC / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States ZIAEY000401 / / PHS HHS / United States N01HC95169 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States ZIA EY000426-13 / ImNIH / Intramural NIH HHS / United States ZIA AG007380 / ImNIH / Intramural NIH HHS / United States R56 AG020098 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States ZIA EY000403-14 / ImNIH / Intramural NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201100011I / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States ZIA EY000401 / ImNIH / Intramural NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201100011C / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States R01 HL086694 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States UL1 RR024156 / RR / NCRR NIH HHS / United States ZIA EY000426-08 / ImNIH / Intramural NIH HHS / United States ZIA EY000401-08 / ImNIH / Intramural NIH HHS / United States 085475/B/08/Z / WT_ / Wellcome Trust / United Kingdom R01 HL087652 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States ZIA EY000403-11 / ImNIH / Intramural NIH HHS / United States HL087652 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States UL1 TR000124 / TR / NCATS NIH HHS / United States N01HC55222 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States HHSN268200625226C / / PHS HHS / United States U01 HG004402 / HG / NHGRI NIH HHS / United States ZIA EY000401-12 / ImNIH / Intramural NIH HHS / United States Z01 EY000426-04 / ImNIH / Intramural NIH HHS / United States ZIAAG007380 / / PHS HHS / United States N01HC85086 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States N01HC45133 / HC / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States R01 HL105756 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States U01HG004402 / HG / NHGRI NIH HHS / United States ZIA EY000426-11 / ImNIH / Intramural NIH HHS / United States P30 DK063491 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States HL075366 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201100006C / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201100005I / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States ZIA EY000403-09 / ImNIH / Intramural NIH HHS / United States ZIA EY000403-08 / ImNIH / Intramural NIH HHS / United States HHSN2682011000012C / / PHS HHS / United States ZIA EY000401-15 / ImNIH / Intramural NIH HHS / United States R01 HL080295 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States Z01 EY000403-07 / ImNIH / Intramural NIH HHS / United States Z01 EY000401-06 / ImNIH / Intramural NIH HHS / United States ZIA EY000426-07 / ImNIH / Intramural NIH HHS / United States R01 AG020098 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States N01HC75150 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States RR024156 / RR / NCRR NIH HHS / United States ZIA EY000426-12 / ImNIH / Intramural NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201100009C / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201100005C / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States N02HL64278 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States DK063491 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201100007I / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States ZIA EY000426-06 / ImNIH / Intramural NIH HHS / United States / WT_ / Wellcome Trust / United Kingdom N01HC15103 / HC / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States AG20098 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States N01HC85079 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States ZIA EY000403-15 / ImNIH / Intramural NIH HHS / United States R01 HL087641 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States R01 AG023629 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States 085475/08/Z / WT_ / Wellcome Trust / United Kingdom N01HC35129 / HC / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States R01 AG027058 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States N01 HC045133 / HC / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States AG023629 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States ZIA EY000401-14 / ImNIH / Intramural NIH HHS / United States Z01 EY000401-07 / ImNIH / Intramural NIH HHS / United States N01 HC035129 / HC / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States R56 AG023629 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States ZIA EY000401-10 / ImNIH / Intramural NIH HHS / United States ZIA EY000403-12 / ImNIH / Intramural NIH HHS / United States N01 HC095159 / HC / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States R01HL086694 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States HHSN2682011000011C / / PHS HHS / United States |