| Title | Omega-6 fatty acid biomarkers and incident type 2 diabetes: pooled analysis of individual-level data for 39 740 adults from 20 prospective cohort studies. |
| Publication Type | Journal Article |
| Year of Publication | 2017 |
| Authors | H Y Wu J, Marklund M, Imamura F, Tintle N, Korat AVArdisson, de Goede J, Zhou X, Yang W-S, Otto MC de Olive, Kröger J, Qureshi W, Virtanen JK, Bassett JK, Frazier-Wood AC, Lankinen M, Murphy RA, Rajaobelina K, Del Gobbo LC, Forouhi NG, Luben R, Khaw K-T, Wareham N, Kalsbeek A, Veenstra J, Luo J, Hu FB, Lin H-J, Siscovick DS, Boeing H, Chen T-A, Steffen B, Steffen LM, Hodge A, Eriksdottir G, Smith AV, Gudnason V, Harris TB, Brouwer IA, Berr C, Helmer C, Samieri C, Laakso M, Tsai MY, Giles GG, Nurmi T, Wagenknecht L, Schulze MB, Lemaitre RN, Chien K-L, Soedamah-Muthu SS, Geleijnse JM, Sun Q, Harris WS, Lind L, rnlöv JÄ, Riserus U, Micha R |
| Secondary Authors | Mozaffarian D |
| Corporate Authors | Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology(CHARGE) Fatty Acids and Outcomes Research Consortium(FORCE) |
| Journal | Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol |
| Volume | 5 |
| Issue | 12 |
| Pagination | 965-974 |
| Date Published | 2017 12 |
| ISSN | 2213-8595 |
| Keywords | Adult, Arachidonic Acid, Biomarkers, Cohort Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Fatty Acids, Omega-6, Humans, Incidence, Linoleic Acid, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Statistics as Topic |
| Abstract | BACKGROUND: The metabolic effects of omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) remain contentious, and little evidence is available regarding their potential role in primary prevention of type 2 diabetes. We aimed to assess the associations of linoleic acid and arachidonic acid biomarkers with incident type 2 diabetes. METHODS: We did a pooled analysis of new, harmonised, individual-level analyses for the biomarkers linoleic acid and its metabolite arachidonic acid and incident type 2 diabetes. We analysed data from 20 prospective cohort studies from ten countries (Iceland, the Netherlands, the USA, Taiwan, the UK, Germany, Finland, Australia, Sweden, and France), with biomarkers sampled between 1970 and 2010. Participants included in the analyses were aged 18 years or older and had data available for linoleic acid and arachidonic acid biomarkers at baseline. We excluded participants with type 2 diabetes at baseline. The main outcome was the association between omega-6 PUFA biomarkers and incident type 2 diabetes. We assessed the relative risk of type 2 diabetes prospectively for each cohort and lipid compartment separately using a prespecified analytic plan for exposures, covariates, effect modifiers, and analysis, and the findings were then pooled using inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis. FINDINGS: Participants were 39 740 adults, aged (range of cohort means) 49-76 years with a BMI (range of cohort means) of 23·3-28·4 kg/m, who did not have type 2 diabetes at baseline. During a follow-up of 366 073 person-years, we identified 4347 cases of incident type 2 diabetes. In multivariable-adjusted pooled analyses, higher proportions of linoleic acid biomarkers as percentages of total fatty acid were associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes overall (risk ratio [RR] per interquintile range 0·65, 95% CI 0·60-0·72, p INTERPRETATION: Findings suggest that linoleic acid has long-term benefits for the prevention of type 2 diabetes and that arachidonic acid is not harmful. FUNDING: Funders are shown in the appendix. |
| DOI | 10.1016/S2213-8587(17)30307-8 |
| Alternate Journal | Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol |
| PubMed ID | 29032079 |
| PubMed Central ID | PMC6029721 |
| Grant List | R15 HG006915 / HG / NHGRI NIH HHS / United States R01 HL085710 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States MR/N003284/1 / MRC_ / Medical Research Council / United Kingdom G1000143 / MRC_ / Medical Research Council / United Kingdom MC_UU_12015/1 / MRC_ / Medical Research Council / United Kingdom G0401527 / MRC_ / Medical Research Council / United Kingdom MC_UU_12015/5 / MRC_ / Medical Research Council / United Kingdom ZIA AG007380-11 / ImNIH / Intramural NIH HHS / United States 14136 / CRUK_ / Cancer Research UK / United Kingdom |