Title | Milk Intake at Midlife and Cognitive Decline over 20 Years. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2017 |
Authors | Petruski-Ivleva N, Kucharska-Newton AMaria, Palta P, Couper DJ, Meyer K, Graff M, Haring B, Sharrett ARichey |
Secondary Authors | Heiss G |
Journal | Nutrients |
Volume | 9 |
Issue | 10 |
Date Published | 2017 Oct 17 |
ISSN | 2072-6643 |
Keywords | African Americans, Animals, Atherosclerosis, Cognition Disorders, Cohort Studies, Dairy Products, Dementia, Diet, European Continental Ancestry Group, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic, Genotype, Humans, Lactase, Male, Middle Aged, Milk, United States |
Abstract | : Faster rates of cognitive decline are likely to result in earlier onset of cognitive impairment and dementia. d-galactose, a derivative of lactose, is used in animal studies to induce neurodegeneration. Milk is the primary source of lactose in the human diet, and its effects on cognitive decline have not been fully evaluated. : Assess the association of milk intake with change in cognitive function over 20 years. : A total of 13,751 participants of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) cohort completed a food frequency questionnaire and three neurocognitive evaluations from 1990 through 2013. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were used to determine lactase persistence (LCT-13910 C/T for Whites and LCT-14010 G/C for Blacks). Mixed-effects models were used to study the association of milk intake with cognitive change. Multiple imputations by chained equations were used to account for attrition. : Milk intake greater than 1 glass/day was associated with greater decline in the global z-score over a 20-year period. The difference in decline was 0.10 (95% CI: 0.16, 0.03) z-scores, or an additional 10% decline, relative to the group reporting "almost never" consuming milk. : Replication of these results is warranted in diverse populations with greater milk intake and higher variability of lactase persistence genotype. |
DOI | 10.3390/nu9101134 |
Alternate Journal | Nutrients |
PubMed ID | 29039795 |
PubMed Central ID | PMC5691750 |
Grant List | HHSN268201100012C / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201100009I / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States U01 HL096812 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201100010C / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201100008C / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201100007C / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201100011I / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201100011C / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States U01 HL096902 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201100006C / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201100005I / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States U01 HL096814 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States T32 HL007055 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States K99 AG052830 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201100005G / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States U01 HL096917 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201100008I / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201100009C / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States R01 HL070825 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201100005C / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States P30 DK056350 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States U01 HL096899 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201100007I / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States |