Title | Coffee consumption and liver-related hospitalizations and deaths in the ARIC study. |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2019 |
Authors | Hu EA, Lazo M, Selvin E, Hamilton JP, Grams ME, Steffen LM, Coresh JJ |
Secondary Authors | Rebholz CM |
Journal | Eur J Clin Nutr |
Volume | 73 |
Issue | 8 |
Pagination | 1133-1140 |
Date Published | 2019 08 |
ISSN | 1476-5640 |
Keywords | Coffee, Cohort Studies, Female, Hospitalization, Humans, Liver Diseases, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, United States |
Abstract | BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Coffee consumption has been found to be associated with reduced risk of chronic conditions such as liver disease. However, less is known about the association between coffee and liver-related hospitalizations and deaths. SUBJECTS/METHODS: We conducted a prospective analysis on 14,208 participants aged 45-64 years from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Coffee consumption (cups/day) was assessed using food frequency questionnaires at visit 1 (1987-89) and visit 3 (1993-95). Liver-related hospitalizations were defined as a hospitalization with any International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) code related to liver disease identified through cohort surveillance. Liver-related death was defined as any death with a liver disease ICD-9 code listed anywhere on the death certificate form. RESULTS: There were 833 incident cases of liver-related hospitalizations over a median follow-up of 24 years and 152 liver-related deaths over a median follow-up of 25 years. Participants who were in the highest category of coffee consumption (≥ 3 cups/day) were more likely to be men, whites, current smokers, and current alcohol drinkers. In our fully adjusted model, consuming ≥ 3 cups/day of coffee was significantly associated with a reduced risk of liver-related hospitalizations compared with never drinkers (hazard ratio: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.63-0.99). There were no significant associations between coffee consumption and liver-related deaths after adjusting for covariates. CONCLUSIONS: Coffee drinkers may be at lower risk for liver-related hospitalizations. This supports current evidence that low and moderate levels of coffee may be protective to the liver. |
DOI | 10.1038/s41430-018-0346-0 |
Alternate Journal | Eur J Clin Nutr |
PubMed ID | 30341433 |
PubMed Central ID | PMC6474824 |
Grant List | HHSN268201700002I / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States T32 HL007024 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States K01 DK107782 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201700003I / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201700005I / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States R01 DK089174 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States K01 DK107782 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States T32 HL007024 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States R01 DK089174 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201700001I / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States K24 DK106414 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201700004I / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States K24 DK106414 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201700002I / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201700005I / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201700003I / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201700004I / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201700001I / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States |