Title | Adherence to the Healthy Eating Index-2015 and Other Dietary Patterns May Reduce Risk of Cardiovascular Disease, Cardiovascular Mortality, and All-Cause Mortality. |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2020 |
Authors | Hu EA, Steffen LM, Coresh JJ, Appel LJ |
Secondary Authors | Rebholz CM |
Journal | J Nutr |
Volume | 150 |
Issue | 2 |
Pagination | 312-321 |
Date Published | 2020 02 01 |
ISSN | 1541-6100 |
Keywords | Cardiovascular Diseases, Cause of Death, Diet, Healthy, Female, Guideline Adherence, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies |
Abstract | BACKGROUND: The Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) score measures adherence to recommendations from the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. The HEI-2015 was altered from the HEI-2010 by reclassifying sources of dietary protein and replacing the empty calories component with 2 new components: saturated fats and added sugars. OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to assess whether the HEI-2015 score, along with 3 other previously defined indices, were associated with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD), CVD mortality, and all-cause mortality. METHODS: We conducted a prospective analysis of 12,413 participants aged 45-64 y (56% women) from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. The HEI-2015, Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010), alternate Mediterranean (aMed) diet, and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Trial (DASH) scores were computed using the average dietary intakes of Visits 1 (1987-1989) and 3 (1993-1995). Incident CVD, CVD mortality, and all-cause mortality data were ascertained from baseline through 31 December, 2017. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate HRs and 95% CIs. RESULTS: There were 4509 cases of incident CVD, 1722 cases of CVD mortality, and 5747 cases of all-cause mortality over a median of 24-25 y of follow-up. Compared with participants in the lowest quintile of HEI-2015, participants in the highest quintile had a 16% lower risk of incident CVD (HR: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.76-0.93; P-trendĀ CONCLUSIONS: Higher adherence to the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans was associated with lower risks of incident CVD, CVD mortality, and all-cause mortality among US adults. |
DOI | 10.1093/jn/nxz218 |
Alternate Journal | J Nutr |
PubMed ID | 31529069 |
PubMed Central ID | PMC7373820 |
Grant List | HHSN268201700001I / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201700002I / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201700003I / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201700004I / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States HHSN268201700005I / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States |