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Association of Impaired Glucose Regulation and Insulin Resistance With Cardiac Structure and Function: Results From ECHO-SOL (Echocardiographic Study of Latinos).

TitleAssociation of Impaired Glucose Regulation and Insulin Resistance With Cardiac Structure and Function: Results From ECHO-SOL (Echocardiographic Study of Latinos).
Publication TypePublication
Year2016
AuthorsDemmer RT, Allison MA, Cai J, Kaplan RC, Desai AA, Hurwitz BE, Newman JC, Shah SJ, Swett K, Talavera GA, Thai A, Youngblood ME, Rodriguez CJ
JournalCirc Cardiovasc Imaging
Volume9
Issue10
Date Published2016 Oct
ISSN1942-0080
KeywordsBiomarkers, Blood Glucose, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Cardiomyopathies, Diastole, Echocardiography, Doppler, Color, Female, glycated hemoglobin, Hispanic or Latino, Humans, insulin resistance, Linear Models, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Multivariate Analysis, Odds Ratio, Prediabetic State, Predictive Value of Tests, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Stroke Volume, Systole, United States, Ventricular Function, Left
Abstract

BACKGROUND: We examined the relationship between glucose homeostasis and comprehensive measures of cardiac structure and function among a representative sample of US Hispanics.METHODS AND RESULTS: ECHO-SOL (Echocardiographic Study of Latinos), an echocardiographic ancillary study of the HCHS/SOL (Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos), enrolled 1818 Hispanic/Latino men (43%) and women (57%) aged ≥45 years (mean=56). Glucose intolerance was defined as follows: (1) prediabetes: hemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥5.7 and <6.5% and (2) diabetes mellitus: fasting plasma glucose ≥126 mg/dL, 2-hour postload glucose ≥200 mg/dL, HbA1c ≥6.5%, or hypoglycemic agent use. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus was defined as HbA1c ≥7.0%. Insulin resistance was defined using the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance. Echocardiography examinations assessed left ventricular structure and systolic/diastolic function. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were used. Prediabetes prevalence was 42%, and diabetes mellitus prevalence was 28% (47% uncontrolled). Glucose intolerance was associated with increased left ventricular posterior wall and interventricular septal and relative wall thicknesses (all P<0.05), reduced ejection fraction (P<0.01), reduced stroke and end-diastolic volumes (both P<0.001), decreased peak E' velocity (lateral and septal P<0.001), and increased E/E' ratio (lateral and septal P<0.01). The odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for diastolic dysfunction among individuals with prediabetes and diabetes mellitus (versus diabetes mellitus free) were 1.36 (0.96-1.9) and 1.90 (1.3-2.8), respectively(P=0.006). Results were consistent for uncontrolled diabetes mellitus versus diabetes mellitus. Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance was associated with increased E/E' (P<0.001), and greater relative wall thickness and septal thickness (both P<0.05); lower stroke volume (P<0.0001); and lower peak lateral and septal E' velocities (both P<0.01).CONCLUSIONS: Glucose intolerance and insulin resistance are associated with unfavorable cardiac structure and function, particularly worsened measures of diastolic function, even before the development of diabetes mellitus.

DOI10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.116.005032
Alternate JournalCirc Cardiovasc Imaging
PubMed ID27729362
PubMed Central IDPMC5111817
Grant ListR01 DK102932 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States
R01 HL104199 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States
N01HC65236 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States
N01HC65235 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States
N01HC65234 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States
N01HC65233 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States
N01HC65237 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States
P30 DK020541 / DK / NIDDK NIH HHS / United States
MS#: 
0250
Manuscript Lead/Corresponding Author Affiliation: 
Field Center: Bronx (Einstein College of Medicine)
ECI: 
Yes
Manuscript Affiliation: 
Field Center: Bronx (Einstein College of Medicine)
Manuscript Status: 
Published